(Original title: Insolvency, what caused the embarrassment of the Pepper robot?) He was a "hybrid". He was born with a golden spoon. He had gathered thousands of pieces in one. He experienced countless praises and doubts. Many people think that he will be written in history. Now he is slightly embarrassed.... He is Pepper. Since its inception in 2014, Pepper has become an iconic product leading the "emotional robot," and it continues to spark sales. But in a short span of three years, the robotics industry has changed dramatically, and Pepper has lost its sight. Just last week, Nikkei reported a news about Pepper: Softbank Group’s report on the 2016 fiscal year (as of March 2017) securities submitted to the Kanto Finance Bureau of the Ministry of Finance shows that Softbank Robotics Holdings Corp (SBRH) liabilities developed and sold by Softbank It has exceeded its assets of 31.4 billion yen (approximately 1.88 billion yuan). According to a series of data given by the media in the past, SBRH has so far suffered losses for three consecutive years, with a loss of 2.3 billion yen in fiscal 2014, and a net loss of 11.7 billion yen in 2015. It is reported that the low profit and huge R&D investment of the Pepper robot is the main cause of high losses. What caused Pepper's situation today? Where is Pepper's future? The Pioneer created the aura of Pepper In 2012, Softbank acquired the French robot company Aldebaran, the company that developed Nao, a well-known biped robot, and renamed it Softbank Robot Holdings. The first work of SBRH was Pepper. On June 5, 2014, Softbank CEO Masayoshi Son appeared in front of the world with Pepper. At the press conference that was enough to be written in the history of Robotics, Sun Justice was excited to announce to the world that the world’s A robot that can read human emotions was born. After the press conference, Pepper became a guest in the major technology media, ignoring the group machine in the spotlight. Today, mentioning Pepper, although it has not been in the past, it is also a big topic. How did Pepper build his former glory? How did the highest status before the fall? Lei Feng network (public number: Lei Feng network) feel can be roughly interpreted as two points: Pioneer and backing. pioneer Pepper has such a position in the robot field, mostly because of his title: "The first robot that can read human emotions." The "first" three-letter is the most important thing. In 2014, the artificial intelligence trend was far from being so hot today. The majority of people’s concepts about robots still remain in science fiction movies. Some consumer robots and service robots appearing in the world are still in a low-energy state and are more like toys. . In this environment, the introduction of a robot capable of reading human emotions and being able to talk with people to talk is just enough for “popular curiosity†to make Pepper famous and sell well. backing When Pepper was born at the time of birth, he was backed by two major backers. One was the Softbank Group, a giant conglomerate of Japan, and some were money. The other is Aldebaran, a small humanoid robot company founded in France for more than a decade. Before Pepper, they had already developed the successful Nao robot, which is technically reassuring. However, these are not enough, In June 2015, Alibaba and Foxconn respectively invested a total of 14.5 billion yen (approximately 730 million yuan) in the SBRH strategy to promote Pepper's worldwide development and application. In addition to Aldebaran may only be known in small circles, Softbank, Alibaba, Foxconn, no matter which one is out, is the big IP in the technology circle. With such a backing group, it is necessary to have financial resources and resources and resources. People's expectations for Pepper naturally go up. What makes Pepper in embarrassment? On February 27, 2015, the first 300 Peppers for developers were looted in one minute. Starting in June of the same year, SBRH began selling 1,000 Peppers each month, and by the end of the year, 1,000 Peppers sold through Softbank's official website each month were sold out within one minute of being sold. The seemingly successful sales data has attracted overwhelming questions. Various media and evaluation agencies are dissatisfied with the functionality and practicality of Pepper. This is also the cause of doubts about Pepper's gradual decline over two years later. In fact, looking back at the past two years, Pepper's situation, we seem to be able to see Pepper from high to low. Internal factors: As far as Pepper itself is concerned, it is not a good product. Pepper is only 121 centimeters tall. He only has an upper body and does not rely on his legs. Instead, he designs a "triangle" wheel chassis. Overall, it is not amazing. In terms of external functions, although Pepper has two arms and both hands, foreign media evaluation results show that these two arms do not help people do too much work. Even the media relentlessly writes, “It’s a weak finger, even There is no way to give the owner a cup of tea." In addition to these hands, the entire robot has no other hard condition that can satisfy the "service" function in the service robot. There is no need to say more about the shape. After all, Softbank gave him the definition of "emotional robots." Language ability was the most important thing. However, the language function was not unexpectedly disappointing. Previously, Lei Feng reported on the evaluation results of Pepper by the evaluation agency, and quoted the evaluation model of the domestic evaluation platform Zealer as the chief assessor Wang Zuru's evaluation of Pepper: "The robot may not be able to recognize the emotions of human beings. Even normal communication is not so good. Although it will continue to chat with other people, it seems to be very lively, but no matter what you say, In fact, it is all in the routine that preceded it. It may not respond flexibly according to context. At best, it is just grabbing some keywords and continuing the topic.†This is not a single word, and foreign assessment agencies have given similar assessments almost without exception. The serious shortage of Pepper's intelligence directly led to his "avalanche." Although later Softbank chose to work with IBM to introduce its cognitive computing platform Watson AI system into Pepper, it did not regain much credibility for Pepper. Teams are difficult to integrate into development obstacles Before foreign media reported a detail: Aldebaran was accustomed to the flat work pattern in France. After being acquired by Softbank, he could not adapt to the corporate culture of Softbank. The business manager responsible for the supervision of SBRH neither speaks English nor French, and communication costs remain high. In addition, Softbank has outsourced core functions such as voice, visual, and voice emotion analysis. Aldebaran, who was responsible for these tasks, has gradually become marginalized, and eventually led Aldebaran's founder to leave Softbank with his core team. The immature nature of Pepper's products and the contradiction between the original team and Softbank, as well as other large and small reasons, clustered into the main internal cause of Pepper's trough. External factors: Pepper's slow rhythm delayed the best time to serve the robot market. In 2016, new generations of companion robots/service robotics startups were in the limelight. A lot of companies, under the banner of robots, made use of the technologies of other mature voice semantic systems companies and open source Android systems to create a tablet that could chat one after another. Although the function of the robot is not necessarily much higher than that of the Pepper, the price is much lower than the high selling price of the Pepper 10,000 yuan (RMB 10,000 is the result of the conversion of the Japanese local console price to the RMB. Based on the speech recognition engine's dialogue function and App, the user needs to join the “Pepper Basic Planâ€, and the basic package will pay 750 yuan per month for 36 payments, while the insurance package for Pepper will be nearly 500 yuan per month for 36 payments. The above calculations do not include taxation. In this way, the user actually spends RMB 50,000 on Pepper in 3 years.) Many Chinese manufacturers, in particular, rely on strong local supply chain and ODM capabilities to make a copy. Another group of Pepper robots was approved, but the price was only one-third, one-fourth, and one-tenth. Lower. The fiery market has eaten up most of what was supposed to belong to Pepper. The transformation market is still not optimistic and there are doubts about the localization and introduction strategy in China. Seeing that the flagship slogan of “Peer-to-Peer Robots†cannot attract customers, Pepper slowly began to transform and turned to “airports and bank lobbies to guide robots.†However, as mentioned in the above article, the market has given him less opportunity. In June 2016, Alibaba and Softbank jointly established Zhejiang Alibaba Robotics Co., Ltd. The main business is responsible for Pepper's sales in China and wants to open the Chinese market. However, Pepper has made a confusing move to China at the same time: Previously, Pepper had used a slightly reduced sales price, plus an open system to attract the needed B-side users. After coming to China, Ali directly set a price of 198,000 for Pepper, which is 4 times higher than the local price in Japan! And directly abandoned Pepper's own NaoQi system, dedicated its own YunOS, tightened the developer's authority. Both price and restructuring adjustments have caused Pepper to be struggling. The technology of the big market is not yet mature. In fact, as a service robot, no matter what kind of external cause led to Pepper's desolate, we can not ignore the problems of the entire market. Industry insiders say to Lei Fengwang that NLP is one of the most difficult problems to solve in the development of artificial intelligence. The language is the core and soul of robots such as Pepper. Before the technology was solved, not only the Pepper, but also other service robots had no room to survive. From the past year's experience, we can see that the previous big fire was the companion robot market. It has cooled a lot. The future of Pepper Pepper's company, SBRH, is now insolvent and returns to heaven. However, it seems that Softbank does not seem to have intended to give up. Not long ago, Sun Zhengyi presided over the acquisition of Google’s Boston power and the Japanese biped robot Schaft. The layout of the robot-building ecosystem is already a crucible. Pepper will definitely be in this ecosystem, but the future will be able to play The role is hard to say. From today we look back at his splendor and desolateness, and it is inevitable that the analysis of the causes will be somewhat "after the gun". However, history is not only random but also inevitable. Robot industry people expressed a point of view to Lei Fengwang during the chat: The previous emotional service robots were slowly replaced by smart speakers. Does this mean that the home machine is changing to a practical one? That is, not focusing on the so-called human appearance and mobility, but developing smarter algorithms and better human-computer interaction experiences. It can also be seen that "smart" is the core of Pepper, and "smarter" is the way out of Pepper and is also the way out for "Peppers" (including all consumer-grade service robots). KNL6,KNL8 Residual Current Circuit Breaker
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